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Welcome to Mars. Everything you know about terrestrial sound reproduction doesn't apply here. Meet the Bose SoundLink mini.

Hot porridge is eaten from the edge, so first we will imagine another loudspeaker, from which we can then continue further. In 2007, Bose engineers created a tiny speaker called the Bose Computer Music Monitor. Unexpectedly strong sound in low tones was achieved thanks to the special design of the speaker cabinet in which the speakers are located. To understand why we have to sit on our asses and stare with our mouths open, let's take it from the very beginning.

Giant. 1 – Acoustic short circuit. You can see it in the memorabilia movies, it's this wooden board with a speaker hole in the top corner of the classroom. Nowadays, this construction is no longer used. In the picture on the right, a Tesla product from the XNUMXs.

Acoustic short circuit

There once lived a speaker named A. He was all alone, he didn't even have a sounding board for himself at first, but after a long search he found it, the so-called sounding board B. The laws of hydraulics applied to air made life miserable for both of them. They were annoyed by the acoustic pressure E, which short-circuited the sound C of the speaker A, the sound C simply did not even come out properly, and the back pressure of the diaphragm of the speaker D immediately spoiled it with the help of the red arrow E. The speaker tried, moving the diaphragm as much as possible, but then with simple through experiments, he discovered that if he gets a much larger sounding board B, he manages to get rid of the acoustic short circuit that robs him of bass. In the films for the memorials, we saw them as a school radio, a meter by meter board and a speaker connected to the principal's office in the middle. To get rid of the acoustic short circuit, the baffle plate would ideally have to be infinitely large.

Giant. 2 – Dead End. A – speaker, B – sound box, sounding board in which the speaker is fixed, C – directly radiated sound from the speaker membrane, D – pressure from the opposite side of the membrane, E – pressure path, where the sound C and D are short-circuited.

Loudspeaker cabinets

Then it was time to experiment with the shape of the board. They tried to bend the board, for example the acoustic short circuit E would not go around the corner. We can see in the second picture that it didn't help either. But then it came. The biggest event in the history of music reproduction.

Giant. 3 – Closed cabinet. More or less all audiophile speakers are closed, perhaps only in recording studios bass reflex speakers are used as preview monitors. A – our speaker, B – baffle attached to a hermetically sealed cabinet, D – acoustic pressure from the opposite side of the speaker membrane remains inside the cabinet and should not be reflected outside, therefore quality loudspeakers are very heavy and made of massive materials.

Closed speaker cabinet

It worked! The acoustic short has disappeared. Everyone breathed a sigh of relief, they got rid of the biggest enemy by joining the ends of the infinite plate B and making a closed box, leaving a baffle called B, in which there was a hole for our speaker A. Our speaker again tried, oscillating the coil like crazy, and found that in a larger cabinet, it does not have to exert itself as much, because the pressure that develops in the cabinet itself is diluted in a larger space and is not as strong. So speaker cabinets started to get bigger and bigger, as did the speakers that went into them. A decent sound of around 50 watts, however, required a cabinet with a volume of 100 liters of air - that's the same volume as a classic round dustbin. And rather more. For comparison, the B&W A7 has a power of 100 watts and a volume of barely fifteen liters. On the other hand, the Original Nautilus for a million Czech crowns is a closed speaker cabinet. More or less all speaker cabinets from the current high-end class are closed speaker cabinets. These are often really large pieces of furniture made of quality wood. But speaker cabinets with a capacity of one hundred or more liters would often take up half the room, and no one had invented inflatable houses yet. How about using our old enemy, sound pressure E?

Giant. 4 – Bass reflex enclosure. The diaphragm of our speaker can be smaller because the sound from the narrow K throat imitates a much larger area of ​​the diaphragm, so the F sound is brushed off all the highs and mids and we only hear hums and rumbles in the bass. If you ever see a speaker system with a hole in it, it's a bass reflex, although you can't understand what the bass reflex hole is playing, but you can feel the air with your fingers. When you cover the opening of the bass reflex with your palm, the booming bass disappears. Try it on a B&W A5 or A7, for example. But just for a moment, the air movement in the bass reflex is often used to cool the built-in amplifier so you don't overheat it.

Bass reflex enclosure

If we made one more hole in the closed speaker cabinet, what would it do? Acoustic short circuit, so at first glance a dead end. But what if the path of the short-circuit was lengthened by something? For example, a partition inside the cabinet or later a plastic pipe? And lo and behold, the different length K-tube in the hole next to the speaker can emphasize different frequencies in the bass, depending on the length, the emphasized bass marked with the letter F. So when the speaker cabinet is made smaller and a bass reflex tube is added, it sounds like a much larger closed cabinet. Thus began a new age of music reproduction. Dimension research. Bose, Harman/Kardon, JBL, Bang & Olufsen, Bowers & Wilkins and others took turns at the forefront of shrinking speaker cabinets. At the same time, another revolution began. Until then, speaker cabinets were only made of wood. Thanks to miniaturization, computers, and the patience of developers, new materials such as plastics began to be used. A closed plastic case is the worst thing you can do to your speaker. But thanks to the bass-reflex hole, plastics could be used, speaker systems became cheaper, smaller and over time reached the sound level of ordinary wooden (closed and bass-reflex) speaker systems.

Bass speaker

To make the bass sound nice, our A speaker needs to be given a heavier diaphragm, a stronger coil (so it doesn't burn when it's lifting more weight), a stronger magnet and a stronger amplifier. The sound in the bass depends on the size of the speaker diaphragm. The larger the speaker diaphragm and the larger the speaker displacement, the greater the pressure change in the room that we are trying to sound with the low tones in the music, in other words the bass, usually the frequency of 40 to 200 Hz. That's why we need dozens of speaker boxes for a concert in a sports hall, it's not so much about performance, but about the pressure that reaches a greater distance. The earphone loses bass when you take it out. The small speakers play bass for a meter or two, but we can't hear the bass in the next room, only the mids and treble. A speaker system that plays piano while the entire sound spectrum can be heard even in the next room is a sign of sufficient performance in combination with the quality of the construction.

Giant. 5 – Radiator. A – a speaker playing bass, middle and high, i.e. it emits broadband sound C; E – acoustic pressure that presses on the membrane of the radiator G; F – sound only in the lowest frequencies emitted by the radiator; D – sound inside a closed cabinet. On the right is a detail of the back of the Onyx loudspeaker, the metal center with the company logo is the weight of the radiator, the depression around it is a membrane, almost the same as on classic bass speakers, only stronger. On this diaphragm, the weight oscillates in and out, depending on how the speaker diaphragm is moving.

Radiator

Here on Mars, we call a radiator a weight attached to a membrane that oscillates as the air pushes into it, pushed through the far side of the speaker membrane. What is it for? A radiator is another way to tame the sound pressure inside a closed plastic speaker cabinet. Yes, I contradict myself, a plastic closed box is the worst, but beware, using a radiator completely changes the context. Look at the picture again. Loudspeaker A plays sound C to us, and inside the closed space D, pressure E is created, which pushes us into the walls of the cabinet. Due to the fact that the weight is attached to the diaphragm, the pressure tries to escape there and moves the diaphragm. The weight on the diaphragm thus simulates the heavy diaphragm of a special bass speaker, which makes the bass sound like it comes from much larger and heavier speakers. The illusion of the size of the speaker is so intense that it is hard to believe. This is how Jambox or Nova and Onyx from H/K work, you can find a similar principle in new models from SONY. I don't have it verified, but I think they started it at Bose, others just used it. Apparently, the placement of the radiator on the speaker cabinet is very important here. That's why the Jambox marches on at higher volumes.

Giant. 6 – Two radiators facing each other. The red arrows E1 and E2 are the acoustic pressure that moves the two radiators, which thus push against each other. You can see on the right that the Bose Computer Music Monitors are tiny. On the far right is a detail that can really be seen from the side through the speaker cabinet. You can see a piece of the radiator in the through hole.

Two radiators facing each other

When you use two of these radiators, the following happens: you dramatically increase the area that emits low tones. Let's count for a moment. If the speaker has an area of ​​1, then one radiator is approximately 2,5 times, so with two radiators the resulting area for bass reproduction will be roughly 5 + 1 (two radiators + speaker). For this to work, we need to use a very large displacement speaker A (it's very structurally difficult to make), which can create enough pressure inside the closed speaker cabinet (technically speaking, it's a plastic box) to sufficiently vibrate both radiators G1 and G2. And why are there two? If you use just one, the radiator will sweep the entire plastic case with its weight, and that's not it. But when you have a few years to experiment (don't you, gentlemen at Bose), you will find that it is best to place both radiators at the exact distance opposite each other, as you can see in picture #6. unusually shaped through-hole baffles transfer pressure from the speaker out of the cabinet at roughly five times the speaker's original size. Sure, it's just an illusion, but a perfect one.

Bose Computer Music Monitor

Younger brother

Yes, two radiators are used in the Bose Computer Music Monitor, and the same technology, improved of course, has been given to the younger and smaller brother, the Bose SoundLink mini. Personally, I was still interested in the SoundTouch models, which have two radiators and 6 programmable buttons. On one, I would put on jazz as a backdrop to work, on the second some metal to unwind and on the third pop, for visits. Come to think of it, I like the button idea more and more…

The design of the Bose SoundLink mini is based on the Bose Computer Music Monitor. Note that loudspeakers with radiators are only made in these small sizes, I assume that this design in a larger version will have some design problem. I wonder where it will go next. Will it get bigger? 

The difference you hear

When you listen to the Beats Pill, its 4 small speakers play very decent bass, but only for a meter, then the low tones disappear. The JBL Flip 2 uses a bass reflex that accentuates the bass nicely, even at two to three meters the bass can be heard nicely. With the Bose SoundLink mini, you can hear distinct and clear bass even at a distance of 5 meters. Attention, I remind you that all three mentioned products fit in your pocket, they are really tiny, but the difference in the reproduction of low tones is huge. Two sound radiators and such a difference. Who would have said?

AirPlay Fig. 7. comparison of cabinet sizes while achieving similar sound. Notice how the volume of the speaker cabinet can be reduced in various ways. A – the open box must be very long to eliminate the acoustic short circuit, on the order of meters. B – a closed cabinet already takes up much less space. C – A bass reflex cabinet, quite plastic, can imitate a closed cabinet almost twice as big. D and E – construction with acoustic radiators can imitate a closed cabinet several times larger. Of course, it can be recognized, but the illusion is striking.

And one more thing

A digital sound processor is a must. When we want to oscillate a radiator on a relatively stiff membrane, at low volume the speaker would not have enough pressure to oscillate the radiators, therefore, during the increase in volume, the volume dose for the bass must be changed so that it sounds natural during quiet reproduction or when listening at the highest volume. The second thing is that, thanks to the radiators, we can use a speaker with a light diaphragm and a large displacement, which manages to play the entire frequency range decently. This means that a single speaker plays tinkling highs, sonorous and clear mids at the same time as it blasts acoustic radiators. If we wanted to eliminate the weakest point, the plastic box, we would use an aluminum casting. And this is exactly what the engineers in the development department at Bose did. They broke all the commandments against the correct reproduction of music, used alien procedures, and I, instead of a bear, bend my back to give them the deep respect that the authors deserve.

In short, the Bose SoundLink mini is the largest wireless speaker with a built-in battery that you can buy for five thousand.

záver

To answer: no, I'm not planning a sequel yet. Nothing to write home about until someone trumps this Martian pet. Thank you very much for your attention and for the contributions in the discussions, I apologize for any inaccuracies, thanks for the tips on interesting products, if they come around, I will definitely touch them and when there are more, I will try to finish other parts about current models. And now pack your money into a proper roll and run to the store to choose your AirPlay pet.

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